People-Centered Climate Action in the Energy Sector: Investor Guidance

Published: June 18, 2026

Energy systems sit at the heart of both the climate crisis and the transition to a low-carbon economy. As the largest source of global greenhouse gas emissions, the energy sector must rapidly decarbonize while continuing to provide reliable, affordable energy and supporting the livelihoods of more than 76 million workers worldwide. How this transition is managed will shape not only climate outcomes, but also impacts on workers, communities, consumers, and vulnerable groups across the energy value chain.

This guidance supports private capital investors in advancing a people-centered energy transition that respects human rights and leaves no one behind. It explores climate-related human rights impacts, risks, and opportunities associated with the energy value chain’s contribution to climate change, as well as mitigation and adaptation measures. 

The guidance also provides practical due diligence approaches, engagement questions, good practice examples, and resources to help investors support portfolio companies in delivering a low-carbon, climate-resilient, and inclusive energy transition.

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